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CPCI

  一、CPCI简介
  Compact PCI(Compact Peripheral Component Interconnect)简称CPCI,中文又称紧凑型PCI,是国际工业计算机制造者联合会(PCI Industrial Computer Manufacturer's Group,简称PICMG)于1994提出来的一种总线接口标准。是以PCI电气规范为标准的高性能工业用总线。CPCI的CPU及外设同标准PCI是相同的,并且CPCI系统使用与传统PCI系统相同的芯片、防火墙和相关软件。从根本上说,它们是一致的,因此操作系统、驱动和应用程序都感觉不到两者的区别,将一个标准PCI插卡转化成CPCI插卡几乎不需重新设计,只要物理上重新分配一下即可。为了将PCI SIG的PCI总线规范用在工业控制计算机系统,1995年11月PCI工业计算机制造者联合会(PICMIG)颁布了CPCI规范1.0版,以后相继推出了PCI-PCI Bridge规范、Computer Telephony TDM规范和User-defined I/O pin assignment规范。简言之CPCI总线 = PCI总线的电气规范 + 标准针孔连接器(IEC-1076-4-101) + 欧洲卡规范(IEC297/IEEE 1011.1)。
  CPCI的出现不仅让诸如CPU、硬盘等许多原先基于PC的技术和成熟产品能够延续应用,也由于在接口等地方做了重大改进,使得采用CPCI技术的服务器、工控电脑等拥有了高可靠性、高密度的优点。CPCI是基于PCI电气规范开发的高性能工业总线,适用于3U和6U高度的电路插板设计。CPCI电路插板从前方插入机柜,I/O数据的出口可以是前面板上的接口或者机柜的背板。它的出现解决了多年来电信系统工程师与设备制造商面临的棘手问题,比如传统电信设备总线VME(Versa Module Euro card)与工业标准PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect)总线不兼容问题。
  二、CPCI的特点
  CPCI技术是在PCI技术基础之上经过改造而成,具体有三个方面:
  一是继续采用PCI局部总线技术;
  二是抛弃IPC传统机械结构,改用经过20年实践检验了的高可靠欧洲卡结构,改善了散热条件、提高了抗振动冲击能力、符合电磁兼容性要求;
  三是抛弃IPC的金手指式互连方式,改用2mm密度的针孔连接器,具有气密性、防腐性,进一步提高了可靠性,并增加了负载能力。
  CPCI所具有可热插拔(Hot Swap)、高开放性、高可靠性、。CPCI技术中最突出、最具吸引力的特点是热插拔(Hot Swap)。简言之,就是在运行系统没有断电的条件下,拔出或插入功能模板,而不破坏系统的正常工作的一种技术。热插拔一直是电信应用的要求,也为每一个工业自动化系统所渴求。它的实现是:在结构上采用三种不同长度的引脚插针,使得模板插入或拔出时,电源和接地、PCI总线信号、热插拔启动信号按序进行;采用总线隔离装置和电源的软启动;在软件上,操作系统要具有即插即用功能。目前CPCI总线热插拔技术正在从基本热切换技术向高可用性方向发展。
  CPCI标准具有种种优点。它与传统的桌面PCI系统完全兼容,在64位/66M总线接口下能提供每秒高达512MB的带宽。它支持用在桌面PC和工作站上的完全一样的接口芯片。使用CPCI能利用在桌面工作站上开发的整个应用,无需任何改变就能将其移到目标环境,极大地提高了产品推向市场的时间。利用CPCI技术使得电信设备OEM能利用与桌面应用系统同样的先进技术,同时还具有针对桌面系统设计的大量PCI芯片所带来的规模经济和低成本特性。其产品成本上往往低于同等功能的VME产品,仅略高于通常的工控机IPC(IPC,Industrial Personal Computer)产品。
  CPCI规范自制定以来,已历经多个版本。最新的PICMG 3.0所规范的CPCI技术架构在一个更加开放、标准的平台上,有利于各类系统集成商、设备供应商提供更加便捷快速的增值服务,为用户提供更高性价比的产品和解决方案。PICMG 3.0标准是一个全新的技术,与PICMG 2.x完全不同,特别在速度上与PICMG 2.x相比,PICMG 3.0速度每秒可达2Tb。PICMG 3.0主要将应用在高带宽电信传输上,以适应未来电信的发展,PICMG 2.x则仍是目前CPCI的主流,并将在很长时间内主宰CPCI的应用。
  三、CPCI的应用
  CPCI所具有高开放性、高可靠性、可热插拔(Hot Swap),使该技术除了可以广泛应用在通讯、网络、计算机电话整和(Computer Telephony),也适合实时系统控制(Real Time Machine Control)、产业自动化、实时数据采集(Real-Time Data Acquisition)、军事系统等需要高速运算、智能交通、航空航天、医疗器械、水利等模块化及高可靠度、可长期使用的应用领域。由于CPCI拥有较高的带宽,它也适用于一些高速数据通信的应用,包括服务器、路由器、交换机等。
  管脚定义
  Pin Name Description
  Z1 GND Ground
  Z2 GND Ground
  Z3 GND Ground
  Z4 GND Ground
  Z5 GND Ground
  Z6 GND Ground
  Z7 GND Ground
  Z8 GND Ground
  Z9 GND Ground
  Z10 GND Ground
  Z11 GND Ground
  Z12 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  Z13 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  Z14 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  Z15 GND Ground
  Z16 GND Ground
  Z17 GND Ground
  Z18 GND Ground
  Z19 GND Ground
  Z20 GND Ground
  Z21 GND Ground
  Z22 GND Ground
  Z23 GND Ground
  Z24 GND Ground
  Z25 GND Ground
  Z26 GND Ground
  Z27 GND Ground
  Z28 GND Ground
  Z29 GND Ground
  Z30 GND Ground
  Z31 GND Ground
  Z32 GND Ground
  Z33 GND Ground
  Z34 GND Ground
  Z35 GND Ground
  Z36 GND Ground
  Z37 GND Ground
  Z38 GND Ground
  Z39 GND Ground
  Z40 GND Ground
  Z41 GND Ground
  Z42 GND Ground
  Z43 GND Ground
  Z44 GND Ground
  Z45 GND Ground
  Z46 GND Ground
  Z47 GND Ground
  A1 5V +5 VDC
  A2 TCK Test Clock
  A3 INTA# Interrupt A
  A4 BRSV Bused Reserved (don't use)
  A5 BRSV Bused Reserved (don't use)
  A6 REQ# Request PCI transfer
  A7 AD(30) Address/Data 30
  A8 AD(26) Address/Data 26
  A9 C/BE(3)# Command: Byte Enable
  A10 AD(21) Address/Data 21
  A11 AD(18) Address/Data 18
  A12 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  A13 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  A14 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  A15 3.3V +3.3 VDC
  A16 DEVSEL# Device Select
  A17 3.3V +3.3 VDC
  A18 SERR# System Error
  A19 3.3V +3.3 VDC
  A20 AD(12) Address/Data 12
  A21 3.3V +3.3 VDC
  A22 AD(7) Address/Data 7)
  A23 3.3V +3.3 VDC
  A24 AD(1) Address/Data 1)
  A25 5V +5 VDC
  A26 CLK1 Clock ?? MHz
  A27 CLK2 Clock ?? MHz
  A28 CLK4 Clock ?? MHz
  A29 V(I/O) +3.3 VDC or +5 VDC
  A30 C/BE(5)# Command: Byte Enable
  A31 AD(63) Address/Data 63
  A32 AD(59) Address/Data 59
  A33 AD(56) Address/Data 56
  A34 AD(52) Address/Data 52
  A35 AD(49) Address/Data 49
  A36 AD(45) Address/Data 45
  A37 AD(42) Address/Data 42
  A38 AD(38) Address/Data 38
  A39 AD(35) Address/Data 35
  A40 BRSV Bused Reserved (don't use)
  A41 BRSV Bused Reserved (don't use)
  A42 BRSV Bused Reserved (don't use)
  A43 USR User Defined
  A44 USR User Defined
  A45 USR User Defined
  A46 USR User Defined
  A47 USR User Defined
  B1 -12V -12 VDC
  B2 5V +5 VDC
  B3 INTB# Interrupt B
  B4 GND Ground
  B5 BRSV Bused Reserved (don't use)
  B6 GND Ground
  B7 AD(29) Address/Data 29
  B8 GND Ground
  B9 IDSEL Initialization Device Select
  B10 GND Ground
  B11 AD(17) Address/Data 17
  B12 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  B13 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  B14 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  B15 FRAME# Address or Data phase
  B16 GND Ground
  B17 SDONE Snoop Done
  B18 GND Ground
  B19 AD(15) Address/Data 15
  B20 GND Ground
  B21 AD(9) Address/Data 9)
  B22 GND Ground
  B23 AD(4) Address/Data 4)
  B24 5V +5 VDC
  B25 REQ64#
  B26 GND Ground
  B27 CLK3 Clock ?? MHz
  B28 GND Ground
  B29 BRSV Bused Reserved (don't use)
  B30 GND Ground
  B31 AD(62) Address/Data 62
  B32 GND Ground
  B33 AD(55) Address/Data 55
  B34 GND Ground
  B35 AD(48) Address/Data 48
  B36 GND Ground
  B37 AD(41) Address/Data 41
  B38 GND Ground
  B39 AD(34) Address/Data 34
  B40 GND Ground
  B41 BRSV Bused Reserved (don't use)
  B42 GND Ground
  B43 USR User Defined
  B44 USR User Defined
  B45 USR User Defined
  B46 USR User Defined
  B47 USR User Defined
  C1 TRST# Test Logic Reset
  C2 TMS Test Mode Select
  C3 INTC# Interrupt C
  C4 V(I/O) +3.3 VDC or +5 VDC
  C5 RST Reset
  C6 3.3V +3.3 VDC
  C7 AD(28) Address/Data 28
  C8 V(I/O) +3.3 VDC or +5 VDC
  C9 AD(23) Address/Data 23
  C10 3.3V +3.3 VDC
  C11 AD(16) Address/Data 16
  C12 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  C13 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  C14 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  C15 IRDY# Initiator Ready
  C16 V(I/O) +3.3 VDC or +5 VDC
  C17 SBO# Snoop Backoff
  C18 3.3V +3.3 VDC
  C19 AD(14) Address/Data 14
  C20 V(I/O) +3.3 VDC or +5 VDC
  C21 AD(8) Address/Data 8)
  C22 3.3V +3.3 VDC
  C23 AD(3) Address/Data 3)
  C24 V(I/O) +3.3 VDC or +5 VDC
  C25 BRSV Bused Reserved (don't use)
  C26 REQ1# Request PCI transfer
  C27 SYSEN#
  C28 GNT3# Grant
  C29 C/BE(7) Command: Byte Enable
  C30 V(I/O) +3.3 VDC or +5 VDC
  C31 AD(61) Address/Data 61
  C32 V(I/O) +3.3 VDC or +5 VDC
  C33 AD(54) Address/Data 54
  C34 V(I/O) +3.3 VDC or +5 VDC
  C35 AD(47) Address/Data 47
  C36 V(I/O) +3.3 VDC or +5 VDC
  C37 AD(40) Address/Data 40
  C38 V(I/O) +3.3 VDC or +5 VDC
  C39 AD(33) Address/Data 33
  C40 FAL# Power Supply Status FAL (CompactPCI specific)
  C41 DEG# Power Supply Status DEG (CompactPCI specific)
  C42 PRST# Push Button Reset (CompactPCI specific)
  C43 USR User Defined
  C44 USR User Defined
  C45 USR User Defined
  C46 USR User Defined
  C47 USR User Defined
  D1 +12V +12 VDC
  D2 TDO Test Data Output
  D3 5V +5 VDC
  D4 INTP
  D5 GND Ground
  D6 CLK
  D7 GND Ground
  D8 AD(25) Address/Data 25
  D9 GND Ground
  D10 AD(20) Address/Data 20
  D11 GND Ground
  D12 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  D13 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  D14 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  D15 GND Ground
  D16 STOP# Stop transfer cycle
  D17 GND Ground
  D18 PAR Parity for AD0-31 & C/BE0-3
  D19 GND Ground
  D20 AD(11) Address/Data 11
  D21 M66EN
  D22 AD(6) Address/Data 6)
  D23 5V +5 VDC
  D24 AD(0) Address/Data 0)
  D25 3.3V +3.3 VDC
  D26 GNT1# Grant
  D27 GNT2# Grant
  D28 REQ4# Request PCI transfer
  D29 GND Ground
  D30 C/BE(4)# Command: Byte Enable
  D31 GND Ground
  D32 AD(58) Address/Data 58
  D33 GND Ground
  D34 AD(51) Address/Data 51
  D35 GND Ground
  D36 AD(44) Address/Data 44
  D37 GND Ground
  D38 AD(37) Address/Data 37
  D39 GND Ground
  D40 REQ5# Request PCI transfer
  D41 GND Ground
  D42 REQ6# Request PCI transfer
  D43 USR User Defined
  D44 USR User Defined
  D45 USR User Defined
  D46 USR User Defined
  D47 USR User Defined
  E1 5V +5 VDC
  E2 TDI Test Data Input
  E3 INTD# Interrupt D
  E4 INTS
  E5 GNT# Grant
  E6 AD(31) Address/Data 31
  E7 AD(27) Address/Data 27
  E8 AD(24) Address/Data 24
  E9 AD(22) Address/Data 22
  E10 AD(19) Address/Data 19
  E11 C/BE(2)# Command: Byte Enable
  E12 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  E13 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  E14 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  E15 TRDY# Target Ready
  E16 LOCK# Lock resource
  E17 PERR# Parity Error
  E18 C/BE(1)# Command: Byte Enable
  E19 AD(13) Address/Data 13
  E20 AD(10) Address/Data 10
  E21 C/BE(0)# Command: Byte Enable
  E22 AD(5) Address/Data 5)
  E23 AD(2) Address/Data 2)
  E24 ACK64#
  E25 5V +5 VDC
  E26 REQ2# Request PCI transfer
  E27 REQ3# Request PCI transfer
  E28 GNT4# Grant
  E29 C/BE(6)# Command: Byte Enable
  E30 PAR64
  E31 AD(60) Address/Data 60
  E32 AD(57) Address/Data 57
  E33 AD(53) Address/Data 53
  E34 AD(50) Address/Data 50
  E35 AD(46) Address/Data 46
  E36 AD(43) Address/Data 43
  E37 AD(39) Address/Data 39
  E38 AD(36) Address/Data 36
  E39 AD(32) Address/Data 32
  E40 GNT5# Grant
  E41 BRSV Bused Reserved (don't use)
  E42 GNT6# Grant
  E43 USR User Defined
  E44 USR User Defined
  E45 USR User Defined
  E46 USR User Defined
  E47 USR User Defined
  F1 GND Ground
  F2 GND Ground
  F3 GND Ground
  F4 GND Ground
  F5 GND Ground
  F6 GND Ground
  F7 GND Ground
  F8 GND Ground
  F9 GND Ground
  F10 GND Ground
  F11 GND Ground
  F12 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  F13 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  F14 KEY Keyed (no pin)
  F15 GND Ground
  F16 GND Ground
  F17 GND Ground
  F18 GND Ground
  F19 GND Ground
  F20 GND Ground
  F21 GND Ground
  F22 GND Ground
  F23 GND Ground
  F24 GND Ground
  F25 GND Ground
  F26 GND Ground
  F27 GND Ground
  F28 GND Ground
  F29 GND Ground
  F30 GND Ground
  F31 GND Ground
  F32 GND Ground
  F33 GND Ground
  F34 GND Ground
  F35 GND Ground
  F36 GND Ground
  F37 GND Ground
  F38 GND Ground
  F39 GND Ground
  F40 GND Ground
  F41 GND Ground
  F42 GND Ground
  F43 GND Ground
  F44 GND Ground
  F45 GND Ground
  F46 GND Ground
  F47 GND Ground
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